By now most people know that The Oscars doesn’t nominate actors of color very often. #OscarsSoWhite has been going on for 2 years now. (Recently, The Academy made an effort at restructuring to safeguard against future inequalities, so there’s some hope for change.)

Just as unnerving as the racial imbalance, though, is the institution’s abysmal record when it comes to women.

Can you guess which year was the best for woman at The Oscars? 2015? 2014? 2013?

Try 1931. That’s 11 years after women gained the right to vote in the US, and they won 29% of the awards that year. You’d think 29% would be the low point. But the historical average of female winners is just 14%. In 2012, women won a measly 6% of the awards.

Across all categories, just 16% of total nominations have gone to women. So basically, if The Oscars were representative of society, there would be 8 men for every 1 woman.

Keep in mind that these numbers are inflated to include all-female categories such as best actress and best supporting actress.

In many categories women aren’t even represented. For cinematography, all 637 candidates in history have been men.

99% of all nominations for best director have gone to men.

Kathryn Bigelow is the only woman to win the best director award, for "The Hurt Locker"

In 2015, 7 categories didn’t even feature a female candidate, including best music, best writing (original screenplay) and best effects.

The Academy as an institution (those who nominate and vote) is overwhelmingly white and male, which no doubt accounts for a lot of this disparity.

But the problem runs deeper than that. It’s not just that people of color and women are going unrecognized for their work. They’re also flat-out being denied fair access to positions that could receive nominations in the first place.

And this is a problem that runs through the whole of society.

In countless industries, from finance to tech to engineering to music to journalism and beyond, women are too often underrepresented.

Throughout society, male gatekeepers and male-dominated work cultures perpetuate these kinds of disparities, whether actively or tacitly.

As Kathryn Bigelow, the only female winner for Best Director, said in an interview with Time in 2015, "I have always firmly believed that every director should be judged solely by their work, and not by their work based on their gender. Hollywood is supposedly a community of forward thinking and progressive people yet this horrific situation for women directors persists. Gender discrimination stigmatizes our entire industry. Change is essential. Gender neutral hiring is essential."

Global citizens have to advocate for equal opportunities for people regardless of gender, race, sexual identity, religion, age and so on. Because everyone loses when harmful discrimination practices are allowed to continue. The Oscars are a great--and very public place--to start.